MIT researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery that challenges conventional beliefs about the atomic structure of metals during manufacturing processes. Their study reveals that hidden atomic patterns endure even after metals undergo intense processing, providing new insights into the manipulation of metal properties.
Traditionally, it was thought that the atoms of various elements in metals mixed randomly during manufacturing, particularly when subjected to rapid cooling or extensive stretching. However, this new research indicates that certain atomic configurations persist, which could lead to innovative methods for controlling metal characteristics.
The researchers performed simulations that depicted how these atomic patterns, along with some novel configurations, can emerge and remain intact despite significant deformation. “Currently, this chemical order is not something we are controlling for or paying attention to when we manufacture metals,” one researcher explained.
The study highlights the concept of chemical short-range order (SRO), which refers to the predictable arrangement of atoms within a short distance. The researchers observed familiar atomic patterns that surprisingly remain unbroken even after significant stress is applied to the metals. These patterns act like atomic-level scribbles, enhancing the material”s ability to withstand applied strain.
Previously, it was believed that metal deformation and the movement of defects would obliterate SRO. Yet, the models developed by the researchers demonstrated that atoms tend to shuffle in a predictable manner. “These defects have chemical preferences that guide their movement. They seek low energy pathways and typically choose to break the weakest bonds rather than acting randomly,” the researcher noted.
This finding is particularly exciting because it reveals a non-equilibrium state in metals, which is not typically observed in natural materials. Understanding these atomic arrangements may allow for precise tuning of metal alloy properties, potentially impacting various applications, including those in nuclear reactors.
The researchers concluded, “You can never completely randomize the atoms in a metal. It doesn”t matter how you process it.” This work opens up avenues for future studies to explore the implications of these findings in greater detail.
For more information, you can access the full study here.
