Laura Gomila, an expert in advanced fertility, emphasizes the importance of understanding both male and female factors in infertility. Traditionally, women have borne the brunt of infertility concerns, but recent studies indicate that male sperm quality, lifestyle habits, and age also play critical roles in achieving pregnancy. In an interview, Gomila dispels common myths surrounding infertility, discusses the rise of unexplained infertility cases, and provides emotional strategies for couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).
According to Gomila, who has personally navigated fertility treatments and now mothers two children, the challenges faced by couples can stem from various sources. The World Health Organization reports that one in six couples experiences infertility, defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of unprotected intercourse. In her book, “The Diary of My IVF,” Gomila sheds light on the multifaceted causes of infertility. While female factors account for approximately 30% of infertility cases, male factors also contribute significantly, with another 30% attributed to male issues and 30% to a combination of both. The remaining 10% of cases are classified as idiopathic infertility, where no clear cause can be identified.
For women, Gomila identifies several potential causes for infertility, including diminished ovarian reserve, poor egg quality, obstructions in the fallopian tubes, polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, immunological issues that hinder implantation, and chromosomal abnormalities. In men, issues may arise from sperm quality, previous vasectomy procedures, and genetic factors.
Gomila highlights that couples experiencing idiopathic infertility for less than two years, with women under 36, generally have a favorable prognosis when pursuing assisted reproductive treatments.
Addressing the emotional aspects of fertility treatment, Gomila notes that feelings of guilt often arise in women, especially given the historical focus on female infertility. However, she emphasizes that growing research supports the significance of male health, including dietary habits and lifestyle choices, in influencing sperm quality. Factors such as excessive exercise and age, particularly beyond 45, can lead to increased sperm DNA fragmentation, negatively affecting embryo quality and potentially resulting in infertility or miscarriage.
In her book, Gomila asserts that the journey to motherhood begins long before a positive pregnancy test. She explains that the desire to become a parent is an innate feeling that can become frustrating and overwhelming when faced with infertility challenges. She encourages couples embarking on IVF to view the process as an incredible opportunity to witness the development of their future child, starting from the union of egg and sperm through to embryonic development.
Gomila points out two critical moments in the IVF process: the ten-day wait after embryo transfer to determine pregnancy and the embryonic development phase in the laboratory. Both stages can evoke significant emotional responses and stress for couples, as they face uncertainty and hope.
To enhance the chances of successful conception, Gomila stresses the importance of healthy lifestyle choices for both partners, which can improve egg and sperm quality. She notes that dietary factors can create a more favorable physiological environment for reproductive health. Following an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant-rich diet can reduce oxidative stress and enhance egg quality, while a healthy endometrial environment is crucial for proper implantation of the embryo.
Lastly, Gomila addresses the impact of stress on fertility, stating that elevated cortisol levels can disrupt hormonal balance and metabolic function, complicating the fertility journey. Effectively managing stress can lead to a more positive experience for those undergoing treatment, allowing them to engage with the process in a healthier and more meaningful way.
