The recent heavy rains in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh alongside the anticipated Northeast monsoon extending through November and December have reignited health concerns linked to the season. The combination of high humidity, damp conditions in homes, and stagnant water fosters environments that can worsen respiratory conditions, promote fungal infections, and facilitate the spread of waterborne diseases. Health professionals are stressing practical steps to mitigate these risks.
According to Surendran R., a consultant in infectious diseases at SIMS Hospital in Chennai, persistent moisture allows mould to proliferate on walls and ceilings, releasing spores that can irritate airways. “Long-term exposure can exacerbate asthma and allergies, particularly in children and individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions,” he cautioned. He recommends that homeowners maintain dryness and ensure proper ventilation.
Sindhu V., a senior consultant in pulmonology at SRM Global Hospitals, Chennai, pointed out that poorly ventilated areas can lead to sinus infections and worsen asthma symptoms. “Address leaks quickly, enhance airflow, and disinfect damp spaces,” she suggested. Madhumitha R., a senior consultant in infectious diseases at MGM Healthcare, Chennai, added that mould spores can lead to allergic rhinitis and wheezing, especially in those with lung issues. “Keeping indoor humidity below 50% and ensuring cross-ventilation are key measures,” she stated.
Aparna G., a pediatrician at Rainbow Children”s Hospital, Chennai, noted that even dampness without visible mould can trigger coughs and wheezing in children. “Daily cleaning, avoiding carpets and curtains, and allowing bedding to bask in sunlight can effectively reduce moisture accumulation,” she emphasized.
The rainy season also heightens the risk of fungal infections, particularly affecting foot hygiene. “Wet shoes and damp socks can lead to infections between toes and around nails,” explained Dr. Surendran. He advises thoroughly drying feet and applying antifungal powder before putting on shoes. Dr. Madhumitha warned that untreated fungal infections could lead to cellulitis, especially in diabetics. “Foot care should be a daily hygiene priority, as even small cracks can pave the way for serious bacterial infections,” she elaborated. Dr. Sindhu recommends wearing breathable footwear, changing socks frequently, and seeking medical help if symptoms like redness or itching persist. Dr. Aparna reiterated the importance of wearing slippers in public showers, maintaining trimmed nails, and refraining from sharing towels or nail clippers.
High humidity can exacerbate respiratory and joint-related conditions. “Symptoms of asthma and COPD can intensify, and those with arthritis may experience greater stiffness,” noted Dr. Surendran. He also mentioned that individuals with diabetes face an increased risk of fungal and bacterial infections during this time. Dr. Sindhu recommends maintaining an active lifestyle, ensuring indoor air circulation, and staying hydrated to alleviate symptoms. For children suffering from asthma, Dr. Aparna advocates for receiving the influenza vaccine prior to the monsoon, using prescribed inhalers, and maintaining a diet rich in fresh fruits and fluids.
Flooding and stagnant water introduce additional health threats. “Leptospirosis is a significant concern during the monsoon,” cautioned Dr. Surendran. The bacteria can enter the body through minor skin cuts, and any fever or body aches following exposure to floodwater should prompt immediate medical attention. Dr. Sindhu added that contaminated water can also cause skin infections and typhoid. “Avoid walking through stagnant water and ensure thorough washing afterward,” she advised. Dr. Aparna highlighted that conditions like acute gastroenteritis, hepatitis A, and typhoid commonly arise after heavy rains. “Even small amounts of standing water can become breeding sites for dengue mosquitoes,” she warned.
To combat these challenges, doctors emphasize simple preventative measures at home. “Enhancing ventilation, promptly addressing leaks, and regularly cleaning damp corners are crucial,” advised Dr. Surendran. He also stressed the importance of community efforts, including proper garbage disposal and drain maintenance to hinder mosquito breeding. Dr. Sindhu pointed out the necessity for civic responsibility and public participation, noting that effective waste management and awareness campaigns are vital. Dr. Aparna suggested weatherproofing homes, storing carpets away, and keeping wooden furniture away from damp walls as ways to prevent mould and mildew. “Never store wet clothes indoors,” she cautioned. Furthermore, doctors remind the public that when the sun briefly shines between rain showers, it presents a valuable opportunity to air homes, dry damp areas, and implement preventative measures before the next rain arrives.
Existing government initiatives, such as the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), Swachh Bharat Mission, Jal Jeevan Mission, and Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP), aim to address vector-borne and waterborne diseases. However, physicians point out that persistent post-monsoon outbreaks reveal significant gaps in implementation and ongoing monitoring. “Timely drain desilting, effective waste management, and continuous surveillance are essential to preventing seasonal outbreaks,” remarked Dr. Sindhu. Dr. Surendran added that collaboration between local authorities and health departments is critical for early detection and swift responses to health cases. “Public health systems must stay ahead of weather patterns,” Dr. Madhumitha concluded. “Ongoing vector control initiatives and awareness campaigns, particularly in vulnerable regions, should persist even after the rains cease.”
