Researchers at IIT Madras have made significant strides in the Vertical Take-off and Landing (VTOL) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) sectors by successfully integrating a real-time hybrid rocket thruster with virtual simulation techniques. This innovative approach enables the necessary velocity for achieving a “soft landing,” which is vital for both planetary exploration missions and the terrestrial operations of VTOL aircraft.
The study conducted by the team explored the feasibility of utilizing hybrid rocket thrusters for vertical landing applications. Hybrid rocket technology, which combines propellants in various states—typically a solid fuel with a liquid or gas oxidizer—is regarded as safer than conventional liquid engines.
According to PA Ramakrishna, a member of the Department of Aerospace Engineering at IIT Madras, “Vertical take-off and landing will eliminate the need for infrastructure like long runways. As a result, VTOL capability will enable access to remote locations and rugged terrains where establishing long runways and large airports is challenging.” Currently, helicopters are the primary means of transport in these areas; however, they are limited in speed, range, and efficiency compared to fixed-wing aircraft.
The research findings, co-authored by PA Ramakrishna, Joel George Manathara, and Anandu Bhadran, were published in the peer-reviewed International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences. Manathara, an Associate Professor in the same department, remarked, “The use of hybrid rocket thrusters for VTOL itself is a unique and novel aspect of this research. Our work paves the way to move beyond conventional approaches by demonstrating the viability of hybrid rocket propulsion, which offers a balance of safety, simplicity, and control for VTOL applications.”
This pioneering work not only showcases the potential of hybrid rocket technology but also opens new avenues for the development of advanced aerial vehicles capable of operating in challenging environments.
